Bahrain - Bahrain (officially Kingdom of Bahrain). Capital - Manama. Location - Middle East, Bahrain is an archipelago of 36 islands in the Persian Gulf, east of Saudi Arabia. The 4 main islands are joined by causeways (95 % of the total land area). Bahrain's total area is 707 sq. km. (273 sq. mi). Capital - Manama (Al Manama).